![]() Fluids and Electrolytes NCLEX Practice Quiz #1 (3. Questions) . You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 3. Homeostasis, Fluids and Electrolytes (3. ![]() Items). Start Congratulations - you have completed Homeostasis, Fluids and Electrolytes (3. Items). Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. All questions are given in a single page and correct answers, rationales or explanations (if any) are immediately shown after you have selected an answer. No time limit for this exam. Homeostasis, Fluids and Electrolytes (3. Items). Start Congratulations - you have completed Homeostasis, Fluids and Electrolytes (3. Items). Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. You can also copy this exam and make a print out. Patient X is diagnosed with constipation. As a knowledgeable nurse, which nursing intervention is appropriate for maintaining normal bowel function? Assessing dietary intake. B. Decreasing fluid intake. C. Providing limited physical activity. D. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing. A 1. 2- year- old boy was admitted in the hospital two days ago due to hyperthermia. His attending nurse, Dennis, is quite unsure about his plan of care. Which of the following nursing intervention should be included in the care of plan for the client? A. Room temperature reduction. B. Fluid restriction of 2,0. C. Axillary temperature measurements every 4 hours. D. Antiemetic agent administration. Tom is ready to be discharged from the medical- surgical unit after 5 days of hospitalization. ![]() Which client statement indicates to the nurse that Tom understands the discharge teaching about cellular injury? A. Nurse Katee is caring for Adam, a 2. Following my recent post about carbohydrates, I've put together what I consider to be the most important facts about ketosis and measuring ketone bodies. Gerson Therapy doesn't require too many nutritional supplements because all the essential nutrients are already present in the Gerson diet. Following are the few. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate when identifying nursing interventions aimed at promoting and preventing contractures? Select all that apply. ![]() A. Clustering activities to allow uninterrupted periods of rest. B. Maintaining correct body alignment at all times. C. Monitoring intake and output, using a urometer if necessary. D. Using a footboard or pillows to keep feet in correct position. E. Performing active and passive range- of- motion exercises. F. Weighing the client daily at the same time and in the same clothes. A 3. 6- year- old male client is about to be discharged from the the hospital after 5 days due to surgery. Which intervention should be included in the home health care nurse’s instructions about measures to prevent constipation? One of the main functions of the kidney is to balance fluid in the body and with kidney failure, the commonest problem is being able to get rid of excess water.A. Discouraging the client from eating large amounts of roughage- containing foods in the diet. B. Encouraging the client to use laxatives routinely to ensure adequate bowel elimination. C. Instructing the client to establish a bowel evacuation schedule that changes every day. D. Instructing the client to fill a 2- L bottle with water every night and drink it the next day. Mc. Partlin suffered abrasions and lacerations after a vehicular accident. He was hospitalized and was treated for a couple of weeks. When planning care for a client with cellular injury, the nurse should consider which scientific rationale? A. Nutritional needs remain unchanged for the well- nourished adult. B. Age is an insignificant factor in cellular repair. C. The presence of infection may slow the healing process. D. Tissue with inadequate blood supply may heal faster. A 2. 2- year- old lady is displaying facial grimaces during her treatment in the hospital due to burn trauma. Which nursing intervention should be included for reducing pain due to cellular injury? A. Administering anti- inflammatory agents as prescribed. B. Elevating the injured area to decrease venous return to the heart. C. Keeping the skin clean and dry. D. Applying warm packs initially to reduce edema. Lisa, a client with altered urinary function, is under the care of nurse Tine. Which intervention is appropriate to include when developing a plan of care for Lisa who is experiencing urinary dribbling? A. Inserting an indwelling Foley catheter. B. Having the client perform Kegel exercises. C. Keeping the skin clean and dry. D. Using pads or diapers on the client. Jeron is admitted in the hospital due to bacterial pneumonia. He is febrile, diaphoretic, and has shortness of breath and asthma. Which goal is the most important for the client? A. Maintenance of adequate oxygenation. C. Education about infection prevention. D. Rogelio, a 3. 2- year- old patient, is about to be discharged from the acute care setting. Which nursing intervention is the most important to include in the plan of care? ![]() ![]() ![]() A. Stress- reduction techniques. B. Home environment evaluation. C. Participation in activities of daily living. She has been lying all day because her OB- GYN requested her to have a complete bed rest. Which nursing intervention is appropriate when addressing the client’s need to maintain skin integrity? A. Monitoring intake and output accurately. B. Instructing the client to cough and deep- breathe every 2 hours. C. Keeping the linens dry and wrinkle free. D. Using a foot board to maintain correct anatomic position. Maya, who is admitted in a hospital, is scheduled to have her general checkup and physical assessment. Nurse Timothy observed a reddened area over her left hip. Which should the nurse do first?
A. Massage the reddened are for a few minutes. B. Notify the physician immediately. C. Arrange for a pressure- relieving device. D. Turn the client to the right side for 2 hours. Pierro was noted to be displaying facial grimaces after nurse Kara assessed his complaints of pain rated as 8 on a scale of 1 (no pain) 1. Which intervention should the nurse do? A. Administering the client’s ordered pain medication immediately. B. Using guided imagery instead of administering pain medication. C. Using therapeutic conversation to try to discourage pain medication. D. Attempting to rule out complications before administering pain medication. Nurse Marthia is teaching her students about bacterial control. Which intervention is the most important factor in preventing the spread of microorganism? A. Maintenance of asepsis with indwelling catheter insertion. B. Use of masks, gowns, and gloves when caring for clients with infection. C. Correct handwashing technique. D. Cleanup of blood spills with sodium hydrochloride. A patient with tented skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and decreased urinary output is under nurse Mark’s care. Which nursing intervention should be included the care plan of Mark for his patient? A. Clustering necessary activities throughout the day. C. Assessing color, odor, and amount of sputum. D. Monitoring serum albumin and total protein levels. Khaleesi is admitted in the hospital due to having lower than normal potassium level in her bloodstream. Her medical history reveals vomiting and diarrhea prior to hospitalization. Which foods should the nurse instruct the client to increase? A. Whole grains and nuts. B. Milk products and green, leafy vegetables. C. Pork products and canned vegetables. D. Orange juice and bananas. Mary Jean, a first year nursing student, was rushed to the clinic department due to hyperventilation. Which nursing intervention is the most appropriate for the client who is subsequently developing respiratory alkalosis? A. Administering sodium chloride I. V. B. Encouraging slow, deep breaths. C. Preparing to administer sodium bicarbonate. D. Administer low- flow oxygen therapy. Nurse John Joseph is totaling the intake and output for Elena Reyes, a client diagnosed with septicemia who is on a clear liquid diet. The client intakes 8 oz of apple juice, 8. How many milliliters should the nurse document as the client’s intake. A. Marie Joy’s lab test revealed that her serum calcium is 2. Eq/L. Which assessment data does the nurse document when a client diagnosed with hypocalcemia develops a carpopedal spasm after the blood- pressure cuff is inflated? A. Positive Trousseau’s sign. B. Positive Chvostek’s sign. C. Lab tests revealed that patient Z’s . Which clinical manifestation would nurse Natty expect to assess? A. Tented skin turgor and thirst. B. Muscle twitching and tetany. C. Fruity breath and Kussmaul’s respirations. D. Muscle weakness and paresthesia. Mang Teban has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has the following arterial blood gas results: partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), 5. Hg, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), 6. Hg. When attempting to improve the client’s blood gas values through improved ventilation and oxygen therapy, which is the client’s primary stimulus for breathing? A. Normal bicarbonate (HCO3)2. A client with very dry mouth, skin and mucous membranes is diagnosed of having dehydration. Which intervention should the nurse perform when caring for a client diagnosed with fluid volume deficit? A. Assessing urinary intake and output. B. Obtaining the client’s weight weekly at different times of the day. C. Monitoring arterial blood gas (ABG) results. D. Which client situation requires the nurse to discuss the importance of avoiding foods high in potassium? A. 1. 4- year- old Elena who is taking diuretics. B. 1. 6- year- old John Joseph with ileostomy. C. 1. 6- year- old Gabriel with metabolic acidosis. D. 1. 8- year- old Albert who has renal disease. Genevieve is diagnosed with hypomagnesemia, which nursing intervention would be appropriate? A. Instituting seizure precaution to prevent injury. B. Instructing the client on the importance of preventing infection. C. Avoiding the use of tight tourniquet when drawing blood. D. Teaching the client the importance of early ambulation. Which electrolyte would the nurse identify as the major electrolyte responsible for determining the concentration of the extracellular fluid? A. Jon has a potassium level of 6. Eq/L, which medication would nurse Wilma anticipate? A. Potassium supplements. B. Which clinical manifestation would lead the nurse to suspect that a client is experiencing hypermagnesemia? A. Muscle pain and acute rhabdomyolysis. B. Hot, flushed skin and diaphoresis. C. Soft- tissue calcification and hyperreflexia. D. Increased respiratory rate and depth. Prematurity Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations, Diet. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Ruolin Z, Tao B, Li S, et al. Effect of dexamethasone on intelligence and hearing in preterm infants: a meta- analysis. New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants. Barton L, Hodgman JE, Pavlova Z. Causes of death in the extremely low birth weight infant. Creasy RK, Gummer BA, Liggins GC. System for predicting spontaneous preterm birth. Robertson CM, Howarth TM, Bork DL, Dinu IA. Permanent bilateral sensory and neural hearing loss of children after neonatal intensive care because of extreme prematurity: a thirty- year study. Vaginal delivery safer for many preemies: study. Available at http: //www. May 8 2. 01. 3; Accessed: 5 Jun 2. Werner EF, Han CS, Savitz DA, et al. Health outcomes for vaginal compared with cesarean delivery of appropriately grown preterm neonates. Kent AL, Wright IM, Abdel- Latif ME. Mortality and Adverse Neurologic Outcomes Are Greater in Preterm Male Infants. Dubowitz LM, Dubowitz V, Goldberg C. Clinical assessment of gestational age in the newborn infant. Hittner HM, Hirsch NJ, Rudolph AJ. Assessment of gestational age by examination of the anterior vascular capsule of the lens. Infertility treatment and the multifetal gestation epidemic: too much of a good thing. Conde- Agudelo A, Romero R. Cervical phosphorylated insulin- like growth factor binding protein- 1 test for the prediction of preterm birth: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Conde- Agudelo A, Romero R. Predictive accuracy of changes in transvaginal sonographic cervical length over time for preterm birth: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Levels of neonatal care. Fuchs H, Lindner W, Leiprecht A, Mendler MR, Hummler HD. Predictors of early nasal CPAP failure and effects of various intubation criteria on the rate of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants of Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed< /i>. High- Flow Nasal Cannulae Not Inferior to CPAP for Extubated Preterm Infants. High- flow nasal cannulae in very preterm infants after extubation. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Respiratory support in preterm infants at birth. AAP backs CPAP plus selective surfactants in premies. Medscape Medical News. Delivery Room Guidelines Improve Outcomes for Preemies. Medscape Medical News. Available at http: //www. Accessed: September 2. Demauro SB, Douglas E, Karp K, Schmidt B, Patel J, Kronberger A, et al. Improving Delivery Room Management for Very Preterm Infants. Newborn health advocates propose acceleration of kangaroo mother care. Reuters Health Information. Consensus on kangaroo mother care acceleration. Chromium Supplements Boost Glucose Tolerance and Calorie Absorption in Preemies. Medscape Medical News. Available at http: //www. Accessed: February 4, 2. Kapoor V, Glover R, Malviya MN. Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Abrams SA; Committee on Nutrition. Calcium and vitamin D requirements of enterally fed preterm infants. May 2. 01. 3; 1. 31(5): e. Guidelines: Preterm Infants Require Vitamin D Supplement. Medscape Medical News. Available at http: //www. Accessed: May 9 2. Hand L. Darbepoetin Reduces Transfusion Needs in Preterm Infants. Available at http: //www. Accessed: June 2. Ohls RK, Christensen RD, Kamath- Rayne BD, Rosenberg A, Wiedmeier SE, Roohi M, et al. A Randomized, Masked, Placebo- Controlled Study of Darbepoetin Alfa in Preterm Infants. Roberts G, Anderson PJ, De Luca C, Doyle LW. Changes in neurodevelopmental outcome at age eight in geographic cohorts of children born at 2. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. Carlo WA, Mc. Donald SA, Fanaroff AA, et al. Association of antenatal corticosteroids with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 2. Allen MC, Alexander GR, Tompkins ME, Hulsey TC. Racial differences in temporal changes in newborn viability and survival by gestational age. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. Alme AM, Mulhern ML, Hejkal TW, et al. Outcome of rtinopath of prematurity patients following adoption of revised indications for treatment. Anand KJ, Hall RW, Desai N, et al. Effects of morphine analgesia in ventilated preterm neonates: primary outcomes from the NEOPAIN randomised trial. Perinatal complications associated with maternal tobacco use. Barrington KJ, Finer NN. Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Respiratory Failure in Preterm Infants. Cochrane Database System. Protease inhibitor treatment of HIV- 1- infected women may protect against extreme prematurity and very low birth weight. Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis: What Works and How Safe. When to transfuse preterm babies. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. Bernstein IM, Horbar JD, Badger GJ, et al. Morbidity and mortality among very- low- birth- weight neonates with intrauterine growth restriction. The Vermont Oxford Network. Bhandari V, Bergqvist LL, Kronsberg SS, et al. Morphine Administration and Short- Term Pulmonary Outcomes Among Ventilated Preterm Infants. Automatic Oxygen Control System Improves Oxygen Delivery in Preterm Infants. Available at http: //www. Accessed: February 2. Borna S, Saeidi FM. Celecoxib versus magnesium sulfate to arrest preterm labor: randomized trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. Boulet SL, Schieve LA, Nannini A, et al. Perinatal outcomes of twin births conceived using assisted reproduction technology: a population- based study. Infants of borderline viability: ethical and clinical considerations. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. Clarke P, Mitchell SJ, Wynn R, et al. Vitamin K prophylaxis for preterm infants: a randomized, controlled trial of 3 regimens. Prevention of Prematurity: Can We Do It in America? Teenage pregnancies and risk of late fetal death and infant mortality. Cotter AM, Garcia AG, Duthely ML, et al. Is antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, or stillborn? Crowther CA, Haslam RR, Hiller JE, et al. Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome after Repeat Exposure to antenatal corticosteriods: a randomised controlled trial. Dees E, Lin H, Cotton RB, et al. Outcome of preterm infants with congenital heart disease. Doron MW, Veness- Meehan KA, Margolis LH, et al. Delivery room resuscitation decisions for extremely premature infants. Doyle LW, Davis PG, Morley CJ, et al. 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